What Ketorolac Used For

Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used to treat various conditions, primarily for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary uses of ketorolac include:

1. Short-term management of moderate to severe pain: Ketorolac is often prescribed for the short-term management of pain that is moderate to severe in intensity. This can include pain following surgery, acute injuries, or other conditions where there is a need for potent analgesia. Its effectiveness in pain management has made it a valuable option in emergency departments and for postoperative pain control.

2. Dysmenorrhea: For some women, ketorolac can be effective in treating the pain associated with menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea). Its anti-prostaglandin effects can help reduce the uterine contractions that cause this type of pain.

3. Post-operative pain: In the postoperative setting, ketorolac can be used to manage pain that is not adequately controlled by weaker analgesics. Its use can sometimes reduce the need for opioids, which is beneficial due to the risk of addiction and other side effects associated with opioid use.

4. Acute musculoskeletal pain: Ketorolac may be prescribed for the treatment of acute musculoskeletal pain, including conditions such as sprains, strains, and other soft tissue injuries.

5. Headaches: Including migraine and tension headaches, where its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties can be beneficial.

It’s crucial to note that ketorolac is not intended for long-term use due to the increased risk of side effects, particularly gastrointestinal issues such as ulcers and bleeding, as well as potential effects on kidney function and blood pressure. The FDA has approved ketorolac for short-term use (up to 5 days for oral use and up to 2 days for intramuscular or intravenous use in a hospital setting), reflecting these safety concerns.

Important Considerations

• Contraindications: Patients with a history of active or recent gastrointestinal bleeding, ulcers, or inflammation; those with severe kidney impairment or who are at risk of renal failure; and individuals with a known hypersensitivity to ketorolac or other NSAIDs should not use ketorolac.

• Side Effects: Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and drowsiness. More serious but less common side effects can include increased risk of heart attack or stroke, especially when used at high doses or for prolonged periods.

• Interactions: Ketorolac can interact with a variety of medications, including other NSAIDs, aspirin, anticoagulants, ACE inhibitors, and lithium, among others. It’s essential for patients to inform their healthcare provider about all medications they are taking.

Given its potential benefits and risks, ketorolac should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare provider, who can assess the need for the medication and monitor for any adverse effects.

Dosage and Administration

The dosage of ketorolac varies depending on the route of administration and the specific condition being treated. Oral, intramuscular, and intravenous forms are available, each with its own dosing guidelines. For example, the oral dosage for adults is typically 10 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed for pain, not to exceed 40 mg per day or 5 days of use. It’s essential to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment strictly to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

Conclusion

Ketorolac is a potent NSAID used for the short-term management of moderate to severe pain and inflammation. While it offers effective analgesia for various conditions, its potential for side effects, especially with prolonged use, necessitates careful patient selection, close monitoring, and adherence to the recommended dosage and duration of therapy.